Hypertension
Hypertension may not seem like the world's most exciting topic. It's called the "silent killer" for a reason: most people don't know they have high blood pressure until the condition is advanced. There aren't any signs and symptoms in the early stages, other than elevated BP. This is EXACTLY why we need to be aware of what causes hypertension and how we can help our clients, even it's not their most pressing concern. Almost 10 million people die every year from hypertension, and there are ways we can support our clients in maintaining vascular health!
Here's what we covered in the live webinar:
If you missed the live session in October, 2020 you can still register to watch the replay.
Cost: $25
Download Slides
Resources
Aburto, N. J., Ziolkovska, A., Hooper, L., Elliott, P., Cappuccio, F. P., & Meerpohl, J. J. (2013). Effect of lower sodium intake on health: Systematic review and meta-analyses. BMJ (Clinical Research Ed.), 346, f1326. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.f1326
Akilen, R., Pimlott, Z., Tsiami, A., & Robinson, N. (2013). Effect of short-term administration of cinnamon on blood pressure in patients with prediabetes and type 2 diabetes. Nutrition, 29(10), 1192–1196. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nut.2013.03.007
Al Disi, S. S., Anwar, M. A., & Eid, A. H. (2016). Anti-hypertensive Herbs and their Mechanisms of Action: Part I. Frontiers in Pharmacology, 6. https://doi.org/10.3389/fphar.2015.00323
Ashraf, R., Khan, R. A., Ashraf, I., & Qureshi, A. A. (2013). Effects of Allium sativum (garlic) on systolic and diastolic blood pressure in patients with essential hypertension. Pakistan Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 26(5), 859–863.
Azimi, P., Ghiasvand, R., Feizi, A., Hosseinzadeh, J., Bahreynian, M., Hariri, M., & Khosravi-Boroujeni, H. (2016). Effect of cinnamon, cardamom, saffron and ginger consumption on blood pressure and a marker of endothelial function in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: A randomized controlled clinical trial. Blood Pressure, 25(3), 133–140. https://doi.org/10.3109/08037051.2015.1111020
Balk, E. M., Adams, G. P., Langberg, V., Halladay, C., Chung, M., Lin, L., Robertson, S., Yip, A., Steele, D., Smith, B. T., Lau, J., Lichtenstein, A. H., & Trikalinos, T. A. (2016). Omega-3 Fatty Acids and Cardiovascular Disease: An Updated Systematic Review. Evidence Report/Technology Assessment, 223, 1–1252. https://doi.org/10.23970/AHRQEPCERTA223
Campbell, F., Dickinson, H. O., Critchley, J. A., Ford, G. A., & Bradburn, M. (2013). A systematic review of fish-oil supplements for the prevention and treatment of hypertension. European Journal of Preventive Cardiology, 20(1), 107–120. https://doi.org/10.1177/2047487312437056
Chareonrungrueangchai, K., Wongkawinwoot, K., Anothaisintawee, T., & Reutrakul, S. (2020). Dietary Factors and Risks of Cardiovascular Diseases: An Umbrella Review. Nutrients, 12(4). https://doi.org/10.3390/nu12041088
Chiavaroli, L., Viguiliouk, E., Nishi, S. K., Blanco Mejia, S., Rahelić, D., Kahleová, H., Salas-Salvadó, J., Kendall, C. W., & Sievenpiper, J. L. (2019). DASH Dietary Pattern and Cardiometabolic Outcomes: An Umbrella Review of Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses. Nutrients, 11(2). https://doi.org/10.3390/nu11020338
Choi, H. Y., Park, H. C., & Ha, S. K. (2015). Salt Sensitivity and Hypertension: A Paradigm Shift from Kidney Malfunction to Vascular Endothelial Dysfunction. Electrolyte & Blood Pressure: E & BP, 13(1), 7–16. https://doi.org/10.5049/EBP.2015.13.1.7
Ebrahimi, F., Aryaeian, N., Pahlavani, N., Abbasi, D., Hosseini, A. F., Fallah, S., Moradi, N., & Heydari, I. (2019). The effect of saffron (Crocus sativus L.) supplementation on blood pressure, and renal and liver function in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: A double-blinded, randomized clinical trial. Avicenna Journal of Phytomedicine, 9(4), 322–333.
Fels, J., & Kusche-Vihrog, K. (2019). Endothelial Nanomechanics in the Context of Endothelial (Dys)function and Inflammation. Antioxidants & Redox Signaling, 30(7), 945–959. https://doi.org/10.1089/ars.2017.7327
Ferdinand, K., Batieste, T., & Fleurestil, M. (2020). Contemporary and Future Concepts on Hypertension in African Americans: COVID-19 and Beyond. Journal of the National Medical Association, 112(3), 315–323. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jnma.2020.05.018
Ferdinand, K. C., Vo, T. N., & Echols, M. R. (2020). State-of-the-Art review: Hypertension practice guidelines in the era of COVID-19. American Journal of Preventive Cardiology, 2, 100038. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajpc.2020.100038
Haghighatsiar, N., Askari, G., Saraf-Bank, S., Feizi, A., & Keshmiri, H. (2019). Effect of Flaxseed Powder on Cardiovascular Risk Factor in Dyslipidemic and Hypertensive Patients. International Journal of Preventive Medicine, 10, 218. https://doi.org/10.4103/ijpvm.IJPVM_563_17
Hasani, H., Arab, A., Hadi, A., Pourmasoumi, M., Ghavami, A., & Miraghajani, M. (2019). Does ginger supplementation lower blood pressure? A systematic review and meta-analysis of clinical trials. Phytotherapy Research: PTR, 33(6), 1639–1647. https://doi.org/10.1002/ptr.6362
He, F. J., Li, J., & Macgregor, G. A. (2013). Effect of longer term modest salt reduction on blood pressure: Cochrane systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised trials. BMJ (Clinical Research Ed.), 346, f1325. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.f1325
Holubarsch, C. J. F., Colucci, W. S., & Eha, J. (2018). Benefit-Risk Assessment of Crataegus Extract WS 1442: An Evidence-Based Review. American Journal of Cardiovascular Drugs, 18(1), 25–36. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40256-017-0249-9
Hopkins, A. L., Lamm, M. G., Funk, J., & Ritenbaugh, C. (2013). Hibiscus sabdariffa L. in the treatment of hypertension and hyperlipidemia: A comprehensive review of animal and human studies. Fitoterapia, 85, 84–94. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fitote.2013.01.003
Huang, Y., Huang, W., Mai, W., Cai, X., An, D., Liu, Z., Huang, H., Zeng, J., Hu, Y., & Xu, D. (2017). White-coat hypertension is a risk factor for cardiovascular diseases and total mortality. Journal of Hypertension, 35(4), 677–688. https://doi.org/10.1097/HJH.0000000000001226
Jackson, S. L., Cogswell, M. E., Zhao, L., Terry, A. L., Wang, C.-Y., Wright, J., Coleman King, S. M., Bowman, B., Chen, T.-C., Merritt, R., & Loria, C. M. (2018). Association Between Urinary Sodium and Potassium Excretion and Blood Pressure Among Adults in the United States: National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 2014. Circulation, 137(3), 237–246. https://doi.org/10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.117.029193
Khalesi, S., Irwin, C., & Schubert, M. (2015). Flaxseed consumption may reduce blood pressure: A systematic review and meta-analysis of controlled trials. The Journal of Nutrition, 145(4), 758–765. https://doi.org/10.3945/jn.114.205302
Koo, Y. E., Song, J., & Bae, S. (2018). Use of Plant and Herb Derived Medicine for Therapeutic Usage in Cardiology. Medicines, 5(2). https://doi.org/10.3390/medicines5020038
Lee, K. W., Loh, H. C., Ching, S. M., Devaraj, N. K., & Hoo, F. K. (2020). Effects of Vegetarian Diets on Blood Pressure Lowering: A Systematic Review with Meta-Analysis and Trial Sequential Analysis. Nutrients, 12(6). https://doi.org/10.3390/nu12061604
Mesas, A. E., Leon-Muñoz, L. M., Rodriguez-Artalejo, F., & Lopez-Garcia, E. (2011). The effect of coffee on blood pressure and cardiovascular disease in hypertensive individuals: A systematic review and meta-analysis. The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 94(4), 1113–1126. https://doi.org/10.3945/ajcn.111.016667
Morelli, M. B., Santulli, G., & Gambardella, J. (2020). Calcium supplements: Good for the bone, bad for the heart? A systematic updated appraisal. Atherosclerosis, 296, 68–73. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2020.01.008
Najafpour Boushehri, S., Karimbeiki, R., Ghasempour, S., Ghalishourani, S.-S., Pourmasoumi, M., Hadi, A., Mbabazi, M., Pour, Z. K., Assarroudi, M., Mahmoodi, M., Khosravi, A., Mansour-Ghanaei, F., & Joukar, F. (2020). The efficacy of sour tea (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.) on selected cardiovascular disease risk factors: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials. Phytotherapy Research: PTR, 34(2), 329–339. https://doi.org/10.1002/ptr.6541
Osborne, M. T., Shin, L. M., Mehta, N. N., Pitman, R. K., Fayad, Z. A., & Tawakol, A. (2020). Disentangling the Links Between Psychosocial Stress and Cardiovascular Disease. Circulation. Cardiovascular Imaging, 13(8), e010931. https://doi.org/10.1161/CIRCIMAGING.120.010931
Overwyk, K. J., Quader, Z. S., Maalouf, J., Bates, M., Webster, J., George, M. G., Merritt, R. K., & Cogswell, M. E. (2020). Dietary Sodium Intake and Health Indicators: A Systematic Review of Published Literature between January 2015 and December 2019. Advances in Nutrition, 11(5), 1174–1200. https://doi.org/10.1093/advances/nmaa049
Peters, W., Drüppel, V., Drueppel, V., Kusche-Vihrog, K., Schubert, C., & Oberleithner, H. (2012). Nanomechanics and sodium permeability of endothelial surface layer modulated by hawthorn extract WS 1442. PloS One, 7(1), e29972. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0029972
Rababa’h, A. M., Altarabsheh, S. E., Haddad, O., Deo, S. V., Obeidat, Y., & Al-Azzam, S. (2016). Hawthorn Herb Increases the Risk of Bleeding after Cardiac Surgery: An Evidence-Based Approach. The Heart Surgery Forum, 19(4), E175-179. https://doi.org/10.1532/hsf.1570
Ried, K., Frank, O. R., & Stocks, N. P. (2013). Aged garlic extract reduces blood pressure in hypertensives: A dose-response trial. European Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 67(1), 64–70. https://doi.org/10.1038/ejcn.2012.178
Rodriguez-Iturbe, B., Pons, H., & Johnson, R. J. (2017). Role of the Immune System in Hypertension. Physiological Reviews, 97(3), 1127–1164. https://doi.org/10.1152/physrev.00031.2016
Schwingshackl, L., Chaimani, A., Schwedhelm, C., Toledo, E., Pünsch, M., Hoffmann, G., & Boeing, H. (2019). Comparative effects of different dietary approaches on blood pressure in hypertensive and pre-hypertensive patients: A systematic review and network meta-analysis. Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition, 59(16), 2674–2687. https://doi.org/10.1080/10408398.2018.1463967
Semlitsch, T., Jeitler, K., Berghold, A., Horvath, K., Posch, N., Poggenburg, S., & Siebenhofer, A. (2016). Long‐term effects of weight‐reducing diets in people with hypertension. The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, 2016(3). https://doi.org/10.1002/14651858.CD008274.pub3
Serban, C., Sahebkar, A., Ursoniu, S., Andrica, F., & Banach, M. (2015). Effect of sour tea (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.) on arterial hypertension: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Journal of Hypertension, 33(6), 1119–1127. https://doi.org/10.1097/HJH.0000000000000585
Shaito, A., Thuan, D. T. B., Phu, H. T., Nguyen, T. H. D., Hasan, H., Halabi, S., Abdelhady, S., Nasrallah, G. K., Eid, A. H., & Pintus, G. (2020). Herbal Medicine for Cardiovascular Diseases: Efficacy, Mechanisms, and Safety. Frontiers in Pharmacology, 11. https://doi.org/10.3389/fphar.2020.00422
Turnbull, D., Rodricks, J. V., Mariano, G. F., & Chowdhury, F. (2017). Caffeine and cardiovascular health. Regulatory Toxicology and Pharmacology: RTP, 89, 165–185. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.yrtph.2017.07.025
Ursoniu, S., Sahebkar, A., Andrica, F., Serban, C., Banach, M., & Lipid and Blood Pressure Meta-analysis Collaboration (LBPMC) Group. (2016). Effects of flaxseed supplements on blood pressure: A systematic review and meta-analysis of controlled clinical trial. Clinical Nutrition (Edinburgh, Scotland), 35(3), 615–625. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clnu.2015.05.012
Walker, A. F., Marakis, G., Morris, A. P., & Robinson, P. A. (2002). Promising hypotensive effect of hawthorn extract: A randomized double-blind pilot study of mild, essential hypertension. Phytotherapy Research: PTR, 16(1), 48–54. https://doi.org/10.1002/ptr.947
Walker, A. F., Marakis, G., Simpson, E., Hope, J. L., Robinson, P. A., Hassanein, M., & Simpson, H. C. (2006). Hypotensive effects of hawthorn for patients with diabetes taking prescription drugs: A randomised controlled trial. The British Journal of General Practice, 56(527), 437–443.
Wang, J., Xiong, X., & Feng, B. (2013). Effect of crataegus usage in cardiovascular disease prevention: An evidence-based approach. Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine: ECAM, 2013, 149363. https://doi.org/10.1155/2013/149363
Whelton, S. P., Hyre, A. D., Pedersen, B., Yi, Y., Whelton, P. K., & He, J. (2005). Effect of dietary fiber intake on blood pressure: A meta-analysis of randomized, controlled clinical trials. Journal of Hypertension, 23(3), 475–481. https://doi.org/10.1097/01.hjh.0000160199.51158.cf
WHO | Reducing sodium intake to reduce blood pressure and risk of cardiovascular diseases in adults. (n.d.). WHO; World Health Organization. Retrieved October 11, 2020, from http://www.who.int/elena/titles/sodium_cvd_adults/en/
Wu, M., Liu, L., Xing, Y., Yang, S., Li, H., & Cao, Y. (2020). Roles and Mechanisms of Hawthorn and Its Extracts on Atherosclerosis: A Review. Frontiers in Pharmacology, 11, 118. https://doi.org/10.3389/fphar.2020.00118
